銅礦石（原礦）/銅精礦進(jìn)口清關(guān)流程 + 全套資料清單

廣州埔江國(guó)際 Guangzhou Pujiang International

HS編碼：

• 2603000010：銅礦砂及其精礦（黃金價(jià)值部分，含金部分免征增值稅）

• 2603000090：銅礦砂及其精礦（非黃金價(jià)值部分，增值稅13%）監(jiān)管條件：7（O證自動(dòng)進(jìn)口許可證）+ A入境貨物通關(guān)單關(guān)稅：0%；總署2023年108號(hào)公告：先放后檢，口岸現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢疫合格即可提離，品質(zhì)檢驗(yàn)依企業(yè)申請(qǐng)；放射性篩查、固廢排查、外來(lái)雜物檢疫強(qiáng)制必檢銅精礦有害元素強(qiáng)制限值（106號(hào)公告）：As≤0.5%，Pb≤6%，F(xiàn)≤0.1%，Cd≤0.05%，Hg≤0.01%，超標(biāo)不予放行

區(qū)分：銅原礦（礦山開(kāi)采未經(jīng)選礦破碎原礦）、銅精礦（浮選選礦，行業(yè)慣例Cu≥13%），二者同歸入2603，均需要O證硫化銅精礦屬于UN3077，9類環(huán)境危害固體，需做危險(xiǎn)品申報(bào)。

一、進(jìn)口企業(yè)前置資質(zhì)（船前必須辦好）

1. 進(jìn)出口經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)、海關(guān)收發(fā)貨人備案、單一窗口、外匯名錄登記、一般納稅人；經(jīng)營(yíng)范圍包含礦產(chǎn)品。

2. 商務(wù)部《自動(dòng)進(jìn)口許可證（O證）》，一票一證，報(bào)關(guān)電子聯(lián)網(wǎng)比對(duì)；銅精礦申領(lǐng)前需要在五礦化工商會(huì)CCCMC做銅精礦進(jìn)口合同備案（銅精礦特有要求，銅原礦同樣需要O證）。

3. 冶煉廠環(huán)評(píng)、危廢處置資質(zhì)海關(guān)備查；貨源NORM天然放射性偏高時(shí)，提前辦理生態(tài)環(huán)境放射性備案。

二、全套清關(guān)資料（船前預(yù)審，單單一致）

? 基礎(chǔ)貿(mào)易單證

1. 海運(yùn)提單（MBL主單優(yōu)先，內(nèi)陸國(guó)玻利維亞/秘魯建議全程聯(lián)運(yùn)提單，鎖定原箱不換柜）

2. 商業(yè)發(fā)票（含金貨合同必須單獨(dú)列明黃金價(jià)值，用于分項(xiàng)申報(bào)免稅）

3. 裝箱單（毛重、干重、噸袋數(shù)量）

4. 中英文貿(mào)易進(jìn)口合同（建議合同寫(xiě)入固廢、放射性、有害元素超標(biāo)拒收條款）

5. 原產(chǎn)地證書(shū)（CO一般原產(chǎn)地證；RCEP、中智FORM-F、中秘FORM-R、尼加拉瓜自貿(mào)證等，視起運(yùn)國(guó)，享受協(xié)定關(guān)稅優(yōu)惠）

? 礦產(chǎn)品專項(xiàng)必備文件（核心）

1. SGS / BV / CCIC 裝港預(yù)檢測(cè)COA（干基Cu品位、Au、Ag、As/Pb/F/Cd/Hg有害元素、水分）

2. γ放射性檢測(cè)報(bào)告（GB20664天然放射性限值）

3. MSDS化學(xué)品安全技術(shù)說(shuō)明書(shū)

4. 非固體廢物聲明：聲明為天然開(kāi)采/浮選選礦礦，不含冶煉渣、尾礦、污泥、生活垃圾、建筑垃圾

5. 木質(zhì)包裝：IPPC熏蒸證書(shū)；無(wú)木托提供無(wú)木質(zhì)包裝聲明

6. 公式定價(jià)備案材料（LME浮動(dòng)定價(jià)，船前向海關(guān)備案，規(guī)避審價(jià)爭(zhēng)議）

? 出口國(guó)配套備查文件（海關(guān)抽查）

出口國(guó)礦業(yè)出口許可、礦權(quán)證明、出口完稅憑證；內(nèi)陸國(guó)貨源，提供全程原箱、原鉛封不換柜證明，防止中轉(zhuǎn)換柜導(dǎo)致原產(chǎn)地失效。

礦樣快件（DHL/FedEx）：銅精礦樣品O證不豁免；貿(mào)易方式申報(bào)貨樣廣告品A。

三、完整清關(guān)操作流程（先放后檢模式）

1. 船前風(fēng)控預(yù)審（重要）審核全套單證、COA品位、有害元素、放射性；核對(duì)O證、原產(chǎn)地證有效性；LME公式定價(jià)提前海關(guān)備案；合同約定不合格貨物拒收條款。

2. 船舶到港，船公司發(fā)送艙單；代理?yè)QD/O提貨單。

3. 單一窗口兩步申報(bào)：錄入O證電子數(shù)據(jù)；含金銅礦必須同一報(bào)關(guān)單內(nèi)分兩項(xiàng)HS申報(bào)（2603000010含金價(jià)值免稅 + 2603000090基礎(chǔ)礦部分13%增值稅）；硫化銅精礦同步UN3077九類危險(xiǎn)品申報(bào)。

4. 口岸現(xiàn)場(chǎng)強(qiáng)制檢疫（不可免除）

• 門(mén)式放射性篩查（γ超標(biāo)直接扣貨隔離，安排退運(yùn)）

• H986機(jī)檢、外觀查驗(yàn)、外來(lái)夾雜物檢疫、固體廢物現(xiàn)場(chǎng)排查

• 數(shù)重量鑒定（集裝箱地磅；散貨水尺計(jì)重）

• 品質(zhì)實(shí)驗(yàn)室取樣：企業(yè)主動(dòng)申請(qǐng)才取樣做品質(zhì)檢測(cè)；不申請(qǐng)品質(zhì)證書(shū)，不強(qiáng)制實(shí)驗(yàn)室品質(zhì)檢測(cè)。

5. 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢疫合格 → 先行放行，貨物可提離口岸，轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)至監(jiān)管堆場(chǎng)/冶煉廠；海關(guān)后續(xù)開(kāi)展后監(jiān)督檢驗(yàn)。

6. 繳稅；可入防城港B保保稅倉(cāng)暫緩繳納增值稅，分批出庫(kù)分批繳稅；密閉卸礦。

7. 全部合格評(píng)定完成，方可投料冶煉、銷售。

四、推薦國(guó)內(nèi)目的港

1. 防城港：大宗銅精礦，B保保稅混礦，海鐵聯(lián)運(yùn)直達(dá)云貴冶煉廠，大宗礦綠色通道；

2. 廣州黃埔/南沙：集裝箱噸袋銅原礦、銅精礦，放射檢測(cè)配套完善，適合中小批量；

3. 湛江、廈門(mén)：南美、非洲遠(yuǎn)洋散貨/集裝箱銅礦。

五、重點(diǎn)注意事項(xiàng) & 核心風(fēng)險(xiǎn)紅線

1. 固體廢物鑒別風(fēng)險(xiǎn)（高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）：銅原礦泥土脈石占比高、品位過(guò)低、混入尾礦，海關(guān)啟動(dòng)巖相固廢鑒別，周期25–45天；一旦判定固廢，強(qiáng)制退運(yùn)，高額遠(yuǎn)洋退運(yùn)費(fèi)，企業(yè)列入風(fēng)險(xiǎn)黑名單。銅精礦常規(guī)控制干基Cu≥13%。

2. 有害元素超標(biāo)：As、Pb、F、Cd、Hg超過(guò)國(guó)標(biāo)限量直接不予放行，南美、非洲貨源高發(fā)，必須裝港預(yù)檢。

3. NORM天然放射性：秘魯、玻利維亞、剛果金、危地馬拉等貨源天然放射性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高，γ劑量超標(biāo)直接整柜扣貨退運(yùn)。

4. O證與原產(chǎn)地證：O證品名、重量、原產(chǎn)國(guó)必須與報(bào)關(guān)完全一致；巴拿馬運(yùn)河/中美洲中轉(zhuǎn)一旦換柜、換鉛封，自貿(mào)原產(chǎn)地證直接失效，喪失協(xié)定優(yōu)惠。

5. 含金銅礦分項(xiàng)申報(bào)：黃金價(jià)值部分必須合同單獨(dú)作價(jià)，同一報(bào)關(guān)單拆分HS申報(bào)；申報(bào)錯(cuò)誤會(huì)造成多征稅、稅務(wù)稽查。

6. 公式定價(jià)：銅精礦國(guó)際主流LME公式定價(jià)，必須船前完成海關(guān)公式定價(jià)備案，否則海關(guān)審價(jià)核價(jià)補(bǔ)稅。

7. 危險(xiǎn)品申報(bào)：硫化銅精礦UN3077，漏報(bào)危險(xiǎn)品會(huì)被口岸扣貨、行政處罰。

8. 銅原礦vs銅精礦：歸類都是2603，都要O證；不能把低品位尾礦、冶煉渣偽報(bào)成銅原礦/銅精礦，屬于重大違規(guī)。

六、埔江國(guó)際可提供全鏈條代理服務(wù)

? 船前單證預(yù)審、O證辦理輔導(dǎo)、五礦商會(huì)銅精礦合同備案、裝港SGS/BV檢測(cè)對(duì)接、原產(chǎn)地證方案設(shè)計(jì)、出口國(guó)礦業(yè)許可審核、海關(guān)公式定價(jià)備案? 遠(yuǎn)洋海運(yùn)訂艙、跨境中轉(zhuǎn)方案設(shè)計(jì)，規(guī)避中轉(zhuǎn)換柜原產(chǎn)地失效風(fēng)險(xiǎn)? 國(guó)內(nèi)口岸報(bào)關(guān)報(bào)檢、危險(xiǎn)品申報(bào)、放射性查驗(yàn)協(xié)調(diào)、固廢鑒別應(yīng)對(duì)、B保保稅倉(cāng)操作? 集裝箱/散貨密閉卸礦、除塵、監(jiān)管倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)、海鐵/內(nèi)河/公路配送至冶煉廠? 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)查驗(yàn)、取樣見(jiàn)證、審價(jià)溝通、后續(xù)屬地后檢跟進(jìn)、單證歸檔、海關(guān)稽查應(yīng)對(duì)? DHL/FedEx礦樣快件進(jìn)口清關(guān)代理

English Version

Import Customs Clearance Workflow & Document Checklist for Copper Ore (Run-of-mine) / Copper Concentrate

Guangzhou Pujiang InternationalHS Codes:2603000010: Copper ores & concentrates (gold value fraction, VAT exempted)2603000090: Copper ores & concentrates (non-gold fraction, VAT13%)Control conditions: 7(MOFCOM Automatic Import License / O-License) + A Entry Inspection Certificate.Customs duty: 0%. GACC Announcement 2023 No.108: Release First, Inspection Later. Mandatory items: radiation screening, solid waste screening & foreign debris concentrate hazardous element limits (2017 Announcement 106): As≤0.5%, Pb≤6%, F≤0.1%, Cd≤0.05%, Hg≤0.01%.

Run-of-mine copper ore and copper concentrate (Cu≥13% by flotation) both fall under Chapter 26 HS2603 and both require O-License. Sulphide copper concentrate UN3077 Class9 DG.

1. Importer Pre-qualification

1. Import & export right, customs consignee filing, forex registration, general taxpayer with mineral product business scope.

2. MOFCOM Automatic Import License (O-License, one license per shipment). Copper concentrate requires prior contract filing with CCCMC.

3. Smelter EIA & hazardous waste document for customs reference; radiation filing required for high NORM cargo.

2. Full Document Checklist (Pre-shipment audit)

Basic trade docs: Ocean B/L, commercial invoice, packing list, bilingual sales contract, Certificate of Origin.Mineral mandatory docs:

1. Pre-shipment assay report (SGS/BV/CCIC): dry-base Cu, Au, Ag, As/Pb/F/Cd/Hg, moisture.

2. Gamma radioactivity test report (GB20664).

3. MSDS.

4. Non-solid waste declaration: natural mined/beneficiated ore, no slag/tailings/garbage.

5. IPPC for wooden pallet or no-wood declaration.

6. Formula pricing filing document for LME linked pricing.Origin country supporting docs: mining export permit, mining title, tax clearance; through B/L with intact seal for landlocked countries.

   Courier samples by DHL/FedEx: O-License mandatory for copper concentrate samples, declared as goods sample A.

3. Clearance Workflow

1. Pre-shipment document & risk audit, assay/radiation check, O-license & CO validation, formula pricing filing; rejection clause inserted in sales contract.

2. Vessel arrival, collect Delivery Order.

3. Two-step Single Window declaration, input O-License data. Gold-bearing cargo split into two HS items on same declaration for VAT exemption; DG filing for UN3077 sulphide copper concentrate.

4. Mandatory on-site : portal radiation scan, H986 inspection, debris & solid waste screening, weight survey. Lab assay only upon client application.

5. Pass on-site inspection → release for inland transport to smelter yard; post-inspection supervision.

6. Tax payment, Type-B bonded warehouse available for VAT deferral, enclosed ore discharge.

7. Final conformity assessment before smelting & sale.

4. Recommended Ports

Fangchenggang (bulk copper concentrate, bonded blending & rail intermodal); Huangpu/Nansha Guangzhou (container ton-bag); Zhanjiang, Xiamen for overseas bulk & container shipments.

5. Key Risks & Reminders

1. Solid waste risk: high gangue/low grade may trigger petrography identification (25–45 days detention). Forced return once classified solid waste. Copper concentrate target dry-base Cu≥13%.

2. Hazardous element exceedance (As/Pb/F/Cd/Hg) leads to detention, pre-shipment test mandatory for Africa/South America cargo.

3. NORM radioactivity high risk for Peru, Bolivia, DRC, Guatemala; over-limit cargo detained & returned.

4. O-License & CO data must fully match declaration. Transshipment repacking / seal break invalidates FTA preferential tariff.

5. Gold-bearing copper ore: gold value must be separately priced in contract and declared under two HS lines, otherwise tax audit risk.

6. LME formula pricing must be pre-filed with customs to avoid valuation adjustment.

7. DG non-declaration for UN3077 sulphide copper concentrate causes penalty & detention.

8. Run-of-mine copper ore and copper concentrate both HS2603 with O-License re Mis-declaration of tailings/smelter slag as copper ore is serious violation.

6. Pujiang Service Scope

Pre-shipment document audit, O-license & CCCMC contract filing guidance, pre-shipment assay coordination, CO planning, overseas mining permit review, customs formula pricing filing; ocean freight & transshipment risk control; customs declaration & DG filing, radiation inspection & solid waste response, bonded warehousing; bulk/container enclosed discharge, supervised storage, multi-modal delivery; on-site sampling, valuation negotiation, post-clearance audit response; courier sample clearance.